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Marden's theorem : ウィキペディア英語版 | Marden's theorem
In mathematics, Marden's theorem, named after Morris Marden but proven much earlier by Jörg Siebeck, gives a geometric relationship between the zeroes of a third-degree polynomial with complex coefficients and the zeroes of its derivative. ==Statement of the theorem== A cubic polynomial has three zeroes in the complex number plane, which in general form a triangle, and the Gauss–Lucas theorem states that the roots of its derivative lie within this triangle. Marden's theorem states their location within this triangle more precisely: :Suppose the zeroes , , and of a third-degree polynomial are non-collinear. There is a unique ellipse inscribed in the triangle with vertices , , and tangent to the sides at their midpoints: the Steiner inellipse. The foci of that ellipse are the zeroes of the derivative .
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